|
The massacre of Badajoz occurred in the days after the Battle of Badajoz during the Spanish Civil War. Between 573〔Mario Neves. La matanza de Badajoz: Crónica de un testigo de uno de los episodios más trágicos de la Guerra Civil de España(Agosto de 1936). Merida. ERE. 2007. p. 214〕 to 1,341,〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. 2002. Barcelona. p. 432〕although the figure of 4,000 has been suggested by Paul Preston〔Preston, Paul. The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolutions & revenge. Harper Perennial. 2006. London. p.121 and p.270〕civilian and military supporters of the Second Spanish Republic were killed by Nationalist forces 〔Neves, Mario. ''La matanza de Badajoz.'' Junta de Extremadura. Merida. 2007. p.73〕 following the seizure of the town of Badajoz on August 14, 1936. ==Background== The situation in Extremadura had been extremely tense for several months before the civil war commenced on July 17, 1936. The Republican government had passed an Agrarian Reform Law, which gave peasant farmers (who were more than 50% of the active population) the right to become owners of the land they worked. The act resulted in major confrontations between the farmers and the region's major landowners. In March 1936, labourers in the Badajoz region attempted to accelerate implementation of the law by invading and occupying the farmlands in question.〔(Hoy: «Los campesinos extremeños dieron ritmo a la Reforma Agraria» )〕 In the aftermath of the Nationalist military rebellion, several bloody events in the region were perpetrated by Republicans; these acts were described as the "republican repression" or the Spanish Red Terror. Queipo de Llano and Juan Yagüe would later justify the massacre at Badajoz as punishment for the republican massacre of Nationalist supporters. After the outbreak of war, on the night of July 1819 in Fuente de Cantos, 56 people were forced into a church, which was then set ablaze from outside. Twelve victims died, eight of them burned.〔(Comentario de ''La otra mitad de la historia que nos contaron'' en Memoria histórica en Extremadura )〕 In Almendralejo on August 17, 28 Nationalist supporters, who had been held in prison, were executed.〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.431〕 Eleven Nationalist supporters were executed in Badajoz itself.〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.432〕 In all, some 243 people were executed in the western part of the province of Badajoz by republican forces.〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.433〕〔Beevor, Antony. ''The battle for Spain.'' Penguin Books. London. 2006. p.91〕 The Nationalists committed atrocities on republican supporters during the advance of General Yagüe's column on Badajoz from Seville. In every city taken by Yagüe's troops dozens to thousands of people were killed.〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. pp. 431-433〕 After the occupation of Fuente de Cantos by Yagüe's column, some 325 republicans were executed. Another 403 republicans were executed after the fall of Almendralejo .〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.431-433〕 Between 6,610 and 12,000 persons were killed by nationalist forces in the western part of the province of Badajoz (including the city of Badajoz itself),.〔〔Beevor, Antony. ''The Battle for Spain: the Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. 2006. pp.91 and 461〕 Most of the victims were journeymen and farmers〔Espinosa, Francisco. ''La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.'' Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.244〕 These massacres were part of the Spanish "white terror". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Massacre of Badajoz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|